Sam Soffes

New Server Script

Posted in deployment, development, gem, nginx, postgres, rackspace, ruby, and shell-script

I've found myself setting up lots of servers over at RackSpace Cloud lately. It seemed look a good idea to automate everything instead of leaving it up to myself to remember everything you have to do each time.

I wrote this little shell script to make life easier. It installs everything I need to run a Ruby on Rails app in a matter of minutes. It's designed to work with Cent OS 5.4+. Here's the script's main tasks:

For me, that's enough to get the bare bones of an app running. The rest, I let Bundler handle for me. I use this on all of my servers that I manage.

Let's get started already

All you have to do to setup your new server is run the following one line:

$ wget http://gist.github.com/raw/314865/new_server.sh;chmod +x new_server.sh;./new_server.sh

You'll have to press y twice at the beginning when yum asks you to install some stuff. After that, you can let it do its thing.

Configuration

It's super easy to add a new Nginx virtual host. All you have to do is add a file with the .conf extension to /usr/local/nginx/conf/virtual_hosts/. Here's a good example virtual host. Of course, you can configure any of the installed stuff like you normally would. My nginx.conf just makes setting up virtual hosts easy. After you edit any of the Nginx configuration files, you'll want to run service nginx reload to apply your changes.

One more thing

There's also another little script that I run after the main one that is more specific to my needs. This little guy creates /var/www/, setups the proper permissions, and installs some database related gems. You can run it with the following one line:

$ wget http://gist.github.com/raw/314865/z_after.sh;chmod +x z_after.sh;./z_after.sh

Updated 07/13/10: Bumped versions of packages and fixed ImageMagick

Running Rails Local Development with Nginx, Postgres, and Passenger with Homebrew

Posted in development, heroku, homebrew, local-development, nginx, passenger, postgres, and rails

Lately I have been playing with Homebrew, an awesome package manager for Mac OS X. I really like not having to worry about dependencies and such when installing. The "rarely sudo" mentality is also pretty great.

When I noticed the Nginx (a sweet open source web server that is way better than Apache) had a --with-passenger option (which is also way awesome), I figured I'd give it a shot. I was using the built-in Apache with Passenger Preference Pane, which was pretty cool, but I really like Nginx, so I switched. I also really wanted to start using PostgreSQL instead of SQLite since all of my stuff is hosted on Heroku and that's what they're running. (I do plan on writing a Preference Pane for doing for this setup eventually.)

Here are the steps to get all of this going. I tried to keep it as simple and clear as possible with lots of examples. It looks like a lot, but it's really quite simple.

This probably goes without saying, but you'll need Xcode installed to do all of this.

Installation

  1. Install Homebrew and follow the steps in the wiki about not sudoing when installing RubyGems.

    If you don't want to do it that way (I highly recommend doing it the above way), you can just run this command to install homebrew.

     $ sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local
 $ curl -Lsf http://github.com/mxcl/homebrew/tarball/master | tar xvz -C/usr/local --strip 1

    You'll need to sudo install gems if you do it this way.

  2. Install the Passenger gem

     $ gem install passenger

    I also had to install the fastthread gem to get Passenger to play nice later. You might not have to do this. If you need to, all you have to do is gem install fastthread.

  3. Install Nginx with the Passenger module

     $ brew install nginx --with-passenger

    You can start Nginx with sudo nginx and stop it with sudo nginx -s stop.

  4. Install PostgreSQL

     $ brew install postgresql

    After the installation completes, there will be instructions on how to initialize the database, start the server, start the server at login, and install the pg gem. Do all of this.

Server Configuration

  1. Modify your Nginx configuration for Passenger. It will be located at /usr/local/Cellar/nginx/0.7.62/conf/nginx.conf (obviously you will need to replace the version number with whatever version you installed). Here is what mine looks like.

    There are a few things to note:

    1. I run it as my user (staff is my group). You don't have to do this, but I like to have the processes running as me. (If there are more of me, I'm more productive, right?) You'll need to comment this line out or change to your user.

    2. I am pointing the passenger_root directive to the passenger root. This will change with whatever version of Passenger you have installed. You can get the current path by running passenger-config --root (you'll probably need to do this since the version is in the path).

    3. I also have passenger_ruby set to gem_ruby. I had a horrible time getting Passenger to see my custom GEM_PATH (that I setup by following the Homebrew wiki). I created this little shell script to fix the environment variables. It would be great if Passenger had a way to do this. I know you can in the Apache version, but I couldn't figure it out for Nginx. Here is what my gem_ruby looks like:

  2. I like to keep all of my virtual hosts in separate files in the conf directory and then include them into nginx.conf, but you can do it however you want. Here is what samsoffes.conf looks like:

  3. You will need to edit your /etc/hosts for any virtual hosts you add. Mine looks like this:

Database Configuration

  1. If you haven't already, edit your application's database.yml file to use PostgreSQL. Here is an example:

    Notice that the username is samsoffes and not root. Using the root user is considered bad practice by most. (We'll create that user in the next step.)

  2. Enter the PostgreSQL prompt to create your user and databases:

     $ psql  postgres
 # CREATE USER samsoffes SUPERUSER;
 # CREATE DATABASE samsoffes_development OWNER samsoffes;
 # CREATE DATABASE samsoffes_test OWNER samsoffes;
 # \q

    Note: you need to make your user a superuser for your tests to run correctly. More on this here.

Let's get started already!

So, to review, you have just installed and configured Nginx, Passenger, and PostgreSQL. Now, all you have to do is type sudo nginx to start Nginx and point your browser to your virtual host (so for me it would be http://samsoffes.local). That's it! You're done!

If you forgot to copy the commands out of the PostgreSQL install, here's how to start and stop PostgreSQL:

# Start
$ pg_ctl -D /usr/local/var/postgres -l /usr/local/var/postgres/server.log start

# Stop
$ pg_ctl -D /usr/local/var/postgres stop -s -m fast

Before, I found myself typing sudo apachectl restart a lot to reload my application. Now, you would run sudo nginx -s reload to reload the server configuration and restart the app. (You can of course do the touch tmp/restart.txt method as well.)

That probably seemed a bit tedious, but now all you have to do is create a virtual host in Nginx, add it your your hosts file, and create your database. I really like developing locally like this. Homebrew makes this entire process very easy.

If you have any issues, feel free to send me an email and I'll see what I can do. (I really need to get comments going on here don't I)